> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://connectify.gitbook.io/iot-protocol/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://connectify.gitbook.io/iot-protocol/introduction/problem-interoperability.md). # Problem: interoperability Despite the immense potential of the Internet of Things, its large-scale implementation still faces several major challenges: * Technological complexity: connected objects use a multitude of fragmented proprietary protocols (LoRaWAN, ZigBee, BLE, NB-IoT, 5G...). Each with its own specific infrastructure, security and data management requirements. This diversity creates silos, creating barriers to entry in the design of smarter, more efficient objects. * Lack of standardization: there is no common standard for identifying all connected objects and the technologies they use. * Security issues: current IoT protocols often present vulnerabilities. Data transiting over these successions of private systems and redundant databases is vulnerable to hacking, data loss or data access problems. * Lack of traceability: there is no reliable way of tracing the origin and integrity of data generated by objects. Impossible to detect if they have been altered. * Data sovereignty: users have no control over their data, which is stored on centralized vendor servers. * Redundant infrastructure: the value chain required for an end-to-end system requires a succession of redundant systems and connectors, which are often inflexible and cost-effective. Connectify solves these problems with a global approach, using blockchain to guarantee decentralization, traceability, security and standardization.